Which theorists are associated with social disorganization theory?

Social disorganization theory is closely associated with the work of Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay, who were pivotal in the Chicago School of Sociology during the early 20th century. This theory suggests that crime rates are influenced by a community's social structures and levels of disorganization. Shaw and McKay studied neighborhoods in Chicago and found that areas with high levels of poverty, residential instability, and ethnic diversity often displayed higher crime rates. Their work highlighted how social disorganization can break down community ties and reduce informal social controls, leading to increased criminal behavior.

In contrast, the other theorists listed focus on different aspects of sociology. Bandura and Skinner are known for their contributions to psychology, particularly in behaviorism and the social learning theory, which examines learning through observation and reinforcement. Émile Durkheim is famous for his work on the functions of society and the collective consciousness, while Karl Marx is known for his analysis of class struggles and capitalism. Max Weber and W.E.B. Du Bois also approached sociology from different angles, focusing on bureaucracy, social stratification, and the social implications of race and class. None of these theorists directly address the specific community dynamics emphasized by social disorganization theory in the way that Shaw and McKay do.