What does the term 'moral panic' refer to?

The term 'moral panic' refers to a widespread, exaggerated reaction to a perceived threat. This concept highlights how society can become intensely concerned over issues that are often amplified by media, public discourse, or influential figures, leading to heightened fears and anxieties about certain groups or behaviors. The notion of moral panic emphasizes that such reactions can be disproportionate to the actual threat involved.

For instance, when particular subcultures, such as youth gangs or immigrants, are portrayed in a negative light during certain periods, society may respond with increased fear, leading to calls for stricter laws or other measures. This can result in social policies that may not effectively address the core issues at hand but are instead driven by the sensationalism surrounding the perceived threat. Understanding moral panic is essential in sociology as it illustrates the dynamics of social reactions and the relationship between crime, society, and media representation.